BHR-53
Brit-Am Historical Reports 13 October 2010 5 Cheshvan 5771
Contents:
1. Mapping Ancient Germania.
Berlin Researchers Crack the Ptolemy Code.
By Matthias Schulz
2. AmnonGolberg:
Germans dangerous in retreat
3. Archaeology: Brit-Am Version of Explorator
13.25.
1. Mapping Ancient Germania Berlin Researchers Crack the Ptolemy
Code
By Matthias Schulz Extracts:
A 2nd century map of Germania by the scholar Ptolemy has always stumped
scholars, who were unable to relate the places depicted to known settlements.
Now a team of researchers have cracked the code, revealing that half of
Germany's cities are 1,000 years older than previously thought.
The founding of Rome has been pinpointed to the year 753. For the city of St.
Petersburg, records even indicate the precise day the first foundation stone was
laid.
Historians don't have access to this kind of precision when it comes to German
cities like Hanover, Kiel or Bad Driburg. The early histories of nearly all the
German cities east of the Rhine are obscure, and the places themselves are not
mentioned in documents until the Middle Ages. So far, no one has been able to
date the founding of these cities.
Our ancestors' lack of education is to blame for this dearth of knowledge.
Germanic tribes certainly didn't run land survey offices -- they couldn't even
write. Inhabitants this side of the Rhine -- the side the Romans never managed
to occupy permanently -- used only a clumsy system of runes.
According to the Roman historian Tacitus, people here lived in thatched huts and
dugout houses, subsisting on barley soup and indulging excessively in dice
games. Not much more is known, as there are next to no written records of life
within the barbarians' lands.
That may now be changing. A group of classical philologists, mathematical
historians and surveying experts at Berlin Technical University's Department for
Geodesy and Geoinformation Science has produced an astonishing map of central
Europe as it was 2,000 years ago.
The map shows that both the North and Baltic Seas were known as the "Germanic
Ocean" and the Franconian Forest in northern Bavaria was "Sudeti Montes." The
map indicates three "Saxons' islands" off the Frisian coast in northwestern
Germany -- known today as Amrum, Foehr and Sylt.
It also shows a large number of cities. The eastern German city that is now
called Jena, for example, was called "Bicurgium," while Essen was "Navalia."
Even the town of Forstenwalde in eastern Germany appears to have existed 2,000
years ago. Its name then was "Susudata," a word derived from the Germanic term "susutin,"
or "sow's wallow" -- suggesting that the city's skyline was perhaps less than
imposing.
This unusual map draws on information from the mathematician and astronomer
Ptolemy, who, in 150 AD, embarked on a project to depict the entire known world.
Living in Alexandria, in the shadow of its monumental lighthouse, the ancient
scholar drew 26 maps in colored ink on dried animal skins -- a Google Earth of
the ancient world, if you will.
One of these drawings depicts "Germania Magna," the rainy realm inhabited,
according to Roman sources, by rough barbarians whose reproductive drive, they
said, was giving rise to an alarming number of tribes.
Ptolemy demonstrated extensive knowledge of this remote area, indicating the
locations of mountains, rivers and islands. An index lists 94 "poleis," or
cities, noting their latitude and longitude accurately to within a few minutes.
The map shows settlements as far afield as the Vistula River in present-day
Poland, where Burgundians, Goths and Vandals once lived, and mentions the Saxons
for the first time. It appears Ptolemy was even familiar with the Swina River,
which flows from the Szczecin Lagoon into the Baltic Sea, near the present day
German-Polish border.
The essential question is whether the new data is accurate. Ptolemy's
"Geography" is preserved only in duplication. The copy so far considered the
most authentic is an edition produced around the year 1300 and kept by the
Vatican.
But the team of experts in Berlin had the great fortune to be able to refer to a
parchment tracked down at Topkapi Palace in Istanbul, Turkey, the former
residence of the Ottoman sultans. The document, consisting of unbound sheepskin
pages with writing in Roman capital letters, is the oldest edition of Ptolemy's
work ever discovered. A reproduction of this version is due to be published next
year.
2. AmnonGolberg:
Germans dangerous in retreat.
FRIDAY OCTOBER 8, 2010
TISHRI 30, 5771
REGARDING the letter headed God showed Nazis He was in charge, it is remarkable
that Hitler's fortunes went in to decline only once he commenced the Holocaust
in the summer of 1942.
Just as remarkable was the Nazi ability to hold out against the whole world for
another three dreadful years, giving them time to accomplish the goals of the
Wannsee Conference.
The Allies repeatedly found to their cost that Germans in retreat were as
dangerous as cornered Bavarian timber-wolves, learning in full the meaning of
gegenangriff (counter-attack) at Dieppe, Kharkov, Kasserine, Kursk, Ploesti,
Dodecanese, Anzio, Monte Cassino, Carentan, Operation Rosselsprung, Cherkassy,
Arnhem, Aachen, Narva, V rockets, Targul Frumos, Wilkowischken, Battle of the
Bulge, Hurtgen Forest, Strasbourg, Operation Steinbock, Lake Balaton etc.
Two thousand years ago, the Talmud warned: "Should Germania ever sally forth, it
will destroy the world" (Megillah 6).
And Germany is listed in Ezekiel 38 as one of the confederates that will attack
Israel in the future war of Gog and Magog
Amnon Goldberg
Safed
Israel
3. Archaeology: Brit-Am Version of
Explorator
13.25.
From: david meadows <rogueclassicist@gmail.com>
================================================================
explorator 13.25 October 10, 2010
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ANCIENT NEAR EAST AND EGYPT
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Byzantine mosaics from Tel Shikmona (we had this a month or so ago, no?
possibly
an update):
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ANCIENT GREECE AND ROME (AND CLASSICS)
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Not sure we had news coverage when this ship was found off the coast of
Cyprus four or so years ago:
http://rogueclassicism.com/
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EUROPE AND THE UK (+ Ireland)
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On the DNA front, latest tests have confirmed which bacterium caused the
'Black Plague':
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ASIA AND THE SOUTH PACIFIC
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Bronze Age 'Aryan' sites from the Russia/Kazakhstan border:
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OTHER ITEMS OF INTEREST
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The mathematics of poetry:
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CRIME BEAT
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They're (finally) pondering a verdict in the Oded Golan case:
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