AN HOUR'S nap in the afternoon can boost a person's brain power and improve
their memory, according to a study showing that short periods of sleep during
the day can make it easier to function mentally.
Scientists found that a Spanish-style siesta after lunch does more than just
refresh the body and mind, it also makes it easier for the brain to store and
retrieve items of short-term information needed for working or studying.
The findings lend weight to the idea that sleep not only restores a person's
sense of well-being, but is essential if the brain is to take on additional
information as part of the memory-forming process of learning.
"Sleep not only rights the wrong of prolonged wakefulness but, at a neuro-cognitive
level, it moves you beyond where you were before you took a nap," said Matthew
Walker, a psychologist at the University of California Berkeley, in America. (Independent News Service)
Published: Feb 21, 2010 5:56 PM Updated: Feb 21, 2010 5:56 PM
JERUSALEM: Israel on Sunday announced the addition of two sites in the occupied
West Bank on its list of national heritage sites, in a move that is expected to
ignite controversy.
Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu told a special Cabinet meeting in the northern
town of Tel Hai that the Cave of the Patriarchs in Hebron and Rachel's Tomb in
Bethlehem would be included on the list of around 150 sites that the government
plans to promote.
Israel's existence, he said, depended not only on its defense force or its
economic resilience, but also on its "ability to justify our connection to the
land," Netanyahu said.
Rachel's Tomb is regarded as the Biblical grave of the wife of Jacob, who is
buried at the Cave of the Patriarchs, along with Abraham, known to Muslims as
Ibrahim (peace be upon him), and regarded as patriarch by Muslims, Jews and
Christians.
According to media reports, the cost to preserve the 150 heritage sites would be
in the region of 400 million shekels ($106 million).
Israeli ministers endorsed the plan unanimously. Netanyahu was seen to bow to
pressure from right-wing politicians and the country's settlers' lobby to
include the two sites in the Palestinian- administered West Bank on the list at
the last minute.
Palestinians want to include the West Bank and Gaza Strip, as well as East
Jerusalem in their future state. The presence of Israeli settlers in the West
Bank is considered an obstacle to Israeli- Palestinian peace.
3. Early Wall Possibly From Time of
Solomon Discovered in Jerusalem!
Ambassador College Students Participated in Find!
News Release
________________________________________________________
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Hebrew University archaeologist discovers
Jerusalem city wall from tenth century B.C.E.
Jerusalem, February 22, 2010 - A section of an ancient city wall of
Jerusalem from the tenth century B.C.E. - possibly built by King Solomon -- has
been revealed in archaeological excavations directed by Dr. Eilat Mazar and
conducted under the auspices of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
The section of the city wall revealed, 70 meters long and six meters high, is
located in the area known as the Ophel, between the City of David and the
southern wall of the Temple Mount.
Uncovered in the city wall complex are: an inner gatehouse for access into the
royal quarter of the city, a royal structure adjacent to the gatehouse, and a
corner tower that overlooks a substantial section of the adjacent Kidron valley.
The excavations in the Ophel area were carried out over a three-month period
with funding provided by Daniel Mintz and Meredith Berkman, a New York couple
interested in Biblical Archeology. The funding supports both completion of the
archaeological excavations and processing and analysis of the finds as well as
conservation work and preparation of the site for viewing by the public within
the Ophel Archaeological Park and the national park around the walls of
Jerusalem.
The excavations were carried out in cooperation with the Israel Antiquities
Authority, the Israel Nature and Parks Authority, and the Company for the
Development of East Jerusalem. Archaeology students from the Hebrew University
of Jerusalem as well as volunteer
students from the Herbert W. Armstrong College in Edmond, Oklahoma, and
hired workers all participated in the excavation work.
"The city wall that has been uncovered testifies to a ruling presence. Its
strength and form of construction indicate a high level of engineering", Mazar
said. The city wall is at the eastern end of the Ophel area in a high, strategic
location atop the western slop of the Kidron valley.
"A comparison of this latest finding with city walls and gates from the period
of the First Temple, as well as pottery found at the site, enable us to
postulate with a great degree of assurance that the wall that has been revealed
is that which was built by King Solomon in Jerusalem in the latter part of the
tenth century B.C.E.," said Mazar
"This is the first time that a structure from that time has been found that may
correlate with written descriptions of Solomon's building in Jerusalem," she
added. "The Bible tells us that Solomon built -- with the assistance of the
Phoenicians, who were outstanding builders -- the Temple and his new palace and
surrounded them with a city, most probably connected to the more ancient wall of
the City of David." Mazar specifically cites the third chapter of the First
Books of Kings where it refers to "until he (Solomon) had made an end of
building his own house, and the house of the Lord, and the wall of Jerusalem
round about."
The six-meter-high gatehouse of the uncovered city wall complex is built in a
style typical of those from the period of the First Temple like Megiddo,
Beersheva and Ashdod. It has symmetrical plan of four identical small rooms, two
on each side of the main passageway. Also there was a large, adjacent tower,
covering an area of 24 by 18 meters, which was intended to serve as a watchtower
to protect entry to the city. The tower is located today under the nearby road
and still needs to be excavated. Nineteenth century British surveyor Charles
Warren, who conducted an underground survey in the area,
first described the outline of the large tower in 1867 but without attributing
it to the era of Solomon.
"Part of the city wall complex served as commercial space and part as security
stations," explained Mazar. Within the courtyard of the large tower there were
widespread public activities, she said. It served as a public meeting ground, as
a place for conducting commercial activities and cult activities, and as a
location for economic and legal activities.
Pottery shards discovered within the fill of the lowest floor of the royal
building near the gatehouse also testify to the dating of the complex to the
10th century B.C.E. Found on the floor were remnants of large storage jars, 1.15
meters in height, that survived destruction by fire and that were found in rooms
that apparently served as storage areas on the ground floor of the building. On
one of the jars there is a partial inscription in ancient Hebrew indicating it
belonged to a high-level government official.
"The jars that were found are the largest ever found in Jerusalem," said Mazar,
adding that "the inscription that was found on one of them shows that it
belonged to a government official, apparently the person responsible for
overseeing the provision of baked goods to the royal court."
In addition to the pottery shards, cult figurines were also found in the area,
as were seal impressions on jar handles with the word "to the king," testifying
to their usage within the monarchy. Also found were seal impressions (bullae)
with Hebrew names, also indicating the royal nature of the structure. Most of
the tiny fragments uncovered came from intricate wet sifting done with the help
of the salvaging Temple Mount Sifting Project, directed by Dr. Gabriel Barkai
and Zachi Zweig, under the auspice of the Nature and Parks Authority and the Ir
David Foundation.
Between the large tower at the city gate and the royal building the
archaeologists uncovered a section of the corner tower that is eight meters in
length and six meters high. The tower was built of carved stones of unusual
beauty.
East of the royal building, another section of the city wall that extends for
some 35 meters also was revealed. This section is five meters high, and is part
of the wall that continues to the northeast and once enclosed the Ophel area.
Photos available via e-mail upon request and at the following link: http://bit.ly/cRvAeH
For further information: Jerry Barach, Dept. of Media Relations, the Hebrew
University, Tel: 02-588-2904. Orit Sulitzeanu, Hebrew University spokesperson,
Tel: 054-8820016.
--------------------------------------------
IMRA - Independent Media Review and Analysis
Website: www.imra.org.il
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