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JN-922
Jerusalem News

11 October, 2010, 3 Cheshvan, 5771
Contents:
1.
Isreali Military and Civilian Activity in Space.
In space the costs are high, the rewards higher By Karin Kloosterman
2. Isreali and Arab Computer Warfare.
Welcome to the world of
cyberwar By Guy Grimland
3. Binyamin Netanyahu "a deep affinity between the two peoples" [i.e. USA and Israel].
Poll shows Israel is an important issue to US voters By HERB
KEINON 


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1. Isreali Military and Civilian Activity in Space
In space the costs are high, the rewards higher
By Karin
Kloosterman
http://www.israel21c.org/201009218358/
technology/in-space-the-costs-are-
high-the-rewards-higher

Extracts:
Israel is kick starting a national space program with an $80m. injection of cash every year for the next five years. The goal: to create a thriving and lucrative civilian space industry.
 
For Star Trek fans, space is the final frontier. In Israel it's the next frontier - to be more specific the next high tech business frontier. It's no surprise really. Israel already has a lucrative $5 billion a year defense industry, combined with highly developed communications and IT industries. These make a solid base for the leap into space.

Money is also now forthcoming. The Israeli government has promised an $80 million injection of cash every year for the next five years, in an effort to kick-start a potential $10 billion-a-year business in the world's $250 billion space industry.

Israel first began looking towards space following the peace treaty with Egypt in 1979. Israel could no longer send aircraft over Egyptian territory to monitor activities in the Sinai desert, so the country decided to use space satellites.

US reconnaissance satellites were not for sale, so Israel had to build its own. In 1982, the Israel Space Agency was established for reconnaissance missions against enemy states Iran, Iraq and Syria. Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) won the contract, and designed Israel's first space rocket, Shavit (Hebrew for 'comet'), and its first artificial moon, the Ofek (horizon) satellite.

In 1988, Israel became the seventh nation in the world to launch an indigenous satellite into space. It was a pivotal moment. In the years since then Israel has become an expert in satellite technology, products for satellites and ground stations.

Not only are its satellites lighter than conventional satellites - they weigh a fifth of US and European satellites yet have the same capabilities - but Israel has also developed expertise in the optical and radar photography of the Earth that the satellites supply.

This expertise has encouraged the US and other countries to take part in joint research and development projects with Israel in the fields of solar and planetary research, black holes, and the universe.

Over the years, Israel has signed cooperation agreements with space programs ranging from the CSA in Canada, to France's CNES, Russia's RKA and with NASA in the US.

While Israel's space industry began for defensive purposes, it has moved increasingly towards civilian applications. "An Israeli defense satellite can be sent over Iran in a reconnaissance mission, but you can take the same satellite and use it over your own territory to detect pollution, and what's happening in the sea, or to study global warming," says retired Maj. Gen. Itzhik Ben-Israel, chairman of the ISA, and previously the head of R&D at Israel's Ministry of Defense.

"Once you have it, the same infrastructure can be used for other applications, civilian or scientific. Satellites, for example, are dual technologies that can be produced on the same assembly lines that Israeli companies such as IAI are already using to build satellites for defense," he tells ISRAEL21c.

Israeli satellites are now being used for anything from communications, to defense, to early warnings of natural disasters such as storms or locust swarms. In 2005, Israel signed an agreement with France's Space Agency, CNES to research an earth-observation technology onboard a satellite, with environmental and agricultural applications.

NASA, which is planning to map out Venus, is also interested in Israel's hyper spectral cameras which can detect land, air and sea pollution from space and classify types of soils and minerals. There was also discussion of Israeli developments in the field of satellite antennas aimed at analyzing photos using radars.

The two agencies will work together in new fields connected to earth and space sciences, life sciences and additional fields. The main intention is to expand the exchange of information and provide inspiration for the next generation of researchers, scientists and engineers.



2. Isreali and Arab Computer Warfare
Welcome to the world of cyberwar By Guy Grimland
http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/
business/welcome-to-the-world-of
-cyberwar-1.318320

Extracts:
A few months after the aerial attack on the Syrian nuclear facility, which the foreign press attributed to Israel, the New York Times reported a twist to the story. It seems that prior to the attack, the Syrian radar and anti-missile batteries were paralyzed by a computer virus, reported the Times and a few other papers. That enabled the bombers to enter Syrian air space and attack the nuclear plant unimpeded.

That may have been the first incident to show the general public just what digital warfare really is in the modern age, not to mention Israel's ostensible talent at it.
 

The Stuxnet worm attack on the Iranian nuclear systems - and tens of thousands of other computer systems around the world - also has been widely attributed to Israel, though the truth isn't known. One thing experts agree on is that Stuxnet wasn't the brainchild of some kid in his parents' basement. It had to have been created by a big organization, maybe even a country.

Some think the worm was hyped, though it unquestionably was a clever one, targeting industrial systems quite exclusively. Shai Blitzblau, CEO of Maglan Information Defense Technologies Research, says Stuxnet has proven relatively trivial to frustrate. If it had been hostile computer code written by a state-of-the-art intelligence organization, it would have been developed to evolve and evade anti-virus systems, he surmises.

The nature of worms

What is a computer worm, anyway' It is malicious software code ("malware" ) used to take advantage of loopholes in system defenses to extract information or cause damage.

A worm can be disseminated as simply as by e-mail: click on a link or file in an e-mail and the worm loads itself onto your computer without you knowing a thing about it. Once inside, it might do any number of things. It might upload Trojan horses that extract information from your computer. It might seize control of your computer. The worm usually also causes your system to try to infect other computers.

Avi Weissman, academic adviser to the Technion University's information security department and chairman of the Israeli Forum for Information Security, thinks Stuxnet was probably disseminated not by low-tech e-mails, but by flash drives. That indicates its creator knew the target wasn't connected to the Internet, he suggests. It also means that a human agent was needed to infect the Iranian computers, possibly even a person who didn't know he was carrying the virus, such as a technician from Siemens, which built the system.

Israel may or may not use digital attacks for its own ends. It's also in the cross-hairs of very real enemies, say experts.

Nir David, an expert on information security, says enemies have been waging cyberwar on Israel for years. "During the Second Lebanon War, it turned out that Hezbollah had much more advanced cyber abilities than had been thought," he says. Systems and training were provided by Iran. The Winograd Report on Israel's failures during the war cited information leaks from the army, including at the tactical level.

During and after the war, Israel took pride that Hezbollah hadn't managed to break into the encrypted communications network Vered Harim, says Weissman. But the fact that Hezbollah even tried to break into the network attests to its sheer ability, its ambitions and the tack that Israel's enemies are taking, he warns. Israel might have assumed they are technologically inferior, but they know where to invest effort, he says.

Nir David mentions another case of digital attack against Israel - Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah's boast that in 1997, the militant group intercepted drone transmissions, and then mounted its attack against Israel's Navy Seals. "I don't know if it's true," David says, but it could be, based on Hezbollah's abilities and the poor quality of information security at the time. Back then awareness was low, he adds.

The Israeli Defense Forces encountered digital attacks during Operation Cast Lead as well, David says. According to Aviation Week, the enemy tapped into the Amos communications satellite and tried to upload propaganda. The satellite's security systems foiled the attempt but the fact is, it happened and almost succeeded. The enemy is honing its digital skills, he concludes.




3. Binyamin Netanyahu "a deep affinity between the two peoples" [i.e. USA and Israel].
Poll shows Israel is an important issue to US voters
By HERB
KEINON 
10/11/2010 02:02
http://www.jpost.com/International/Article.aspx'id=190906
Extracts:
 
With key US midterm elections less than a month away, a poll published Friday by the Emergency Committee for Israel showed that some 53 percent of the US public would be more likely to vote for a candidate perceived as pro-Israel, with 24% saying they would be less likely to vote for such a candidate.

Likewise, according to the poll, some 54% of the public said that even if they agreed with a candidate on 'most other issues,' they could not vote for the candidate if he were 'anti-Israel,' while 31% said they could do so.

The ECFI was established in the summer as a type of right-wing counterbalance to J Street, and ' according to the Politico website ' united two major strands of Israel supporters: the neoconservative wing of the Republican Party, and Evangelical Christians.

The new group's board includes Weekly Standard editor William Kristol and Gary Bauer, the former Republican presidential candidate who leads the group American Values.

Since its establishment, the organization has taken out a number of aggressive television ads against Democratic candidates it perceives as weak on Israel.

According to the McLaughlin & Associates poll carried out between October 3-5 among 1,000 potential voters, 48.2% of the respondents said they approved of the job US President Barack Obama was doing in handling America's foreign policy, while 47.6% said they disapproved.

When it came to Obama's handling of America's relations with Israel, however, some 43.2% of the respondents said they approved, while 44.3% said they disapproved.

Furthermore, 43% said that Obama's Middle East policies were harming Israel's security, compared to 30% who said these policies were improving Israel's security. Fifty two percent of the respondents said they agreed with the statement that Obama was less friendly to Israel than other presidents; 35% disagreed with that characterization.

During the tense days with the Obama administration earlier in the year, Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu was quoted as having said in some private meetings that Israel and the US enjoyed a unique relationship that transcended governments and was based on a deep affinity between the two peoples.


See Also:
Israeli Daily Report
http://britam.org/ID/IDContents.html







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