"Brit-Am Now"- 304

October 3, 2003
Numbering Note: The title "Brit-Am Now"-302 was mistakenly given to the
last two
postings of "Brit-Am Now".
"Brit-Am Now"-303-304
Contents:
1. Hebrew Celtic Namesakes no.3:
YAIR of Judah, Manasseh, Scotland, and Ireland all in One!

1. Hebrew Celtic Namesakes no.3:
YAIR of Judah, Manasseh, Scotland, and Ireland all in One!

Yadi in Assyrian terminology meant Judah. The Assyrians referred to a Yadi
in the north-west of Syria as well as Yadi of Judah in the south.
An Assyrian inscription mentions Azaryah of Yadi campaigning in the north.
Azaryah (also known as Uziah) was a king of Judah.
Regarding Azaryah of Yadi it is worth noting that he was contemporary with
Jeroboam-11 of  northern Israel and in  alliance with him. Jeroboam-11  was
described as reconquering Hamath that belonged [previously] to Judah.
Hamath as a geographical region (and not just a city) encompassed Yadi.
It would stand to reason that Jeroboam reconquered Yadi in the north and
returned it to the control of Judah in the south which at that times was
ruled by Azariyah.

[2-Kings 14:28] NOW THE REST OF THE ACTS OF JEROBOAM, AND ALL THAT HE DID,
AND HIS MIGHT, HOW HE WARRED, AND HOW HE RECOVERED DAMASCUS, AND HAMATH,
WHICH BELONGED TO JUDAH, FOR ISRAEL, ARE THEY NOT WRITTEN IN THE BOOK OF
THE CHRONICLES OF THE KINGS OF ISRAEL?

Elsewhere we have shown how Damascus in the north referred to a region on
the Euphrates River and to the east of it.
An enclave from Judah in the north is consistent with the Bible and
interrelates with  the existence of the group belonging to Yair in the north.

THE CLAN OF YAIR (DESCENDANT OF JUDAH) IN GILEAD OF MENASSEH AND IAR THE
PROPHET IN IRISH TRADITION:

[Part of the following material concerning Yair is based on a study
appearing  in an old (undated) British Israel National Message Serial
no.118c, from an unnamed author who did however substantiate his claims
from quoted sources]

             The name of Iar appears several times in the Irish genealogies
under various forms: There is Iarbonel the prophet one of the four sons of
Nemedh mentioned by Keating. There is Jaruanell the prophet one of the four
sons of  Neuie McAgamemnon in the "Annals of Clonmacnois".

             Keating mentions that "some antiquaries" derive the Tuatha De
Danann from "Iarbanel son of Nemedh". Iarbanel is considered a form of Iar.

             The Leabhar Gabhala also brings two alternate versions in
which Iarbanel is high up on the genealogical lists of the Dana.

             In the History of Keating the sages are mentioned: Fennius
Farsa the Scythian; Gaedal son of Ethor, of the race of Gomer, from Greece;
and "Caei the Eloquent (or the Just), from Judea, or Iar, son of Nemha, as
others call him.."

             Iarbonel, Iarbanel, Iar, and Jaruanell are all versions of
IAR!! Not only that but Yair in the Bible was linked to both Judah and to
Gilead of Menasseh east of the Jordan one of whose sons was Peresh
("Separated" or "Sanctified") which name is identical with that of "Nemha"
in Irish. The above source connects Iar with both Judah and Nemha who in
turn  is linked to Gilead! Nemha (i.e. Nemedh) was ancestor of the
Nemedians and his name has the same meaning as the Hebrew Pereshwho was
linked with Gilead of Menasseh who gave rise to the Celtic Galatae also
known as the Galadi.

             "Iar" or "Yair" or "Jair" is recorded in the Bible as a
descendant of Judah who settled in the land of Gilead of Machir in Menasseh
and had at least 23 cities attached to him.

"The sons of Judah..Pharez and Zerah..

"The sons of Pharez; Hezron and Hamul.

"And afterwards Hezron went in to the daughter of Machir the father of
Gilead, whom he married when he was sixty years old; and she bare him Segub.

"And Segub begat Jair, who had twenty three cities in the land of Gilead.

"And he took Geshur, and Aram, with the towns of Jair, from them, with
Kenath and the towns thereof, sixty cities. All these belonged to the sons
of Machir the father of Gilead.    (1-Chronicles ch.2;3,5,21,22,23).

             Gilead was the son of Machir who was the firstborn of
Menasseh. They inherited their portion in the lands on the east side of the
Jordan stretching to the northeast and reaching far into the north and
eastward to the River Euphrates.

             Old Assyrian inscriptions often recall the Iari (who are
identified as the people of Yair, i.e. "Jair" who fought along the
Euphrates' banks and sometimes in the north to the east of the Euphrates in
the region of the Habor tributary (B. Mazar in Encyclopedia Biblica,
"Yair").  Contrary to some opinions  the territory of Gilead did reach up
to those regions.

             In regards to the people of Yair it is worth noting the
opinion of the Israeli researcher, Benjamin Mazar in the Encyclopedia Biblica:

~ "Yair, Yairi": "A large family belonging to the Tribe of Menasseh... In
the account of Israelite conquest east of the Jordan this family plays an
important role....the family of Yair were related by family-blood with the
family of Hezron from Judah on one side and with Machir father of Gilead on
the other...

~There is ground to assume that Yair was also a general name for a large
group of Israelite clans who had already united at the beginning of the
Israelite conquest of the northern part of the land of Gilead and from
there had spread out over the Land of Bashan; (Consequently) a large and
broad territory east of the Jordan was called by their name, "Townships of
Yair". This widely-branched family held on to its own inheritance..and also
succeeded in  gaining control over the territory of Argob in Bashan....

~It is possible that the group of clans, known in Scripture by the name of
Yair, are recalled in Assyrian records. In the preamble to several
building-dedications the King of Assyria, Adadnirari-i tells how
his  father Archdinal (early 1200s b.c.e) fought against and subdued the
camps of Achlemu [i.e. Arami-Syrians], Suthi [=Seth], and Yauri [Iauri] on
the banks of the Euphrates.

  ~There are grounds for the proposition that the Yauri are none other than
the nomadic Sons of Yair who would transmigrate between the desert and the
Euphrates River; also in the Genealogical records of the Tribes east of the
Jordan is retained the recollection of their spreading out to the Euphrates
River "Because their cattle were multiplied in the land of Gilead"
(1-Chronicles 5;9). From the 1200s Assyrian sources several times recall
the camps of Yauri [Iauri], Yari [Iari], and the Land of Yari [Iari] and
the Mountains of Yari [Iari] in the region of the Euphrates and Khabor
Rivers. In addition Assurnasipal-11 and his successors recall the House of
Yair [Iahir].... as one of the princedoms in Mesopotamia whose centre was
the city Magrisu.."

~The name Yair apparently expresses the wish that God  will shine his face
upon the child, meaning to say, show him favour; cf. "The LORD make his
face shine upon thee..." (Numbers 6;25)....~15

             Scripture (1-Chronicles chapter two) states that Yair was
descended from Judah yet his people were to be identified with Gilead the
son of Machir from the Tribe of Menasseh. As noted above Irish Mythology
also relates "Iar" (i.e. Yair) to Judah! The region of Yair (and Argob) was
one of 12 administrative districts into which King Solomon divided the Land
of Israel. It was ruled by the Ben-Gever(Son of Geber) whose father (Geber
the son of Uri) was appointed over all Gilead and the neighbouring region
of Bashan which could reach up to the Euphrates and beyond.

             "And Solomon had twelve officers over all  Israel....The son
of Geber, in Ramoth Gilead; to him pertained the towns of Jair the son of
Menasseh , which are in Gilead; to him also pertained the region of Argob,
which is in Bashan, threescore great cities with walls and brasen bars.....

  "Geber the son of Uri was in the country of Gilead, in the country of
Sihon king of the Amorites, and of Og king of Bashan; and he was the only
officer which was in the land."

   (1-Kings 4;7,13,19).

             Ptolemy listed numerous place and historical ethnic names
proving that Israelite tribes once ruled over all the area of northern
Syria reaching at least to the Euphrates. Examples are the areas called
RAHABENI (i.e. Reuben), MASANI (Menasseh), CAUCHABENI (i.e. Sons of
Chauchi, i.e. of Haggi son of Gad), BATHANAEI (Bashan in Aramaic),
CHALYBONITIS (Chalybes of Judah), and the cities of Belginaea and Belagaea
(Belgae from Bela-g-h), and GABARA from Geber in the region of Bashan
(Bathanaei) close to Masani (Menasseh ). The "House of Gabbar" were the
ruling dynasty of "Yadi". Yadi was a Judaean enclave in north west Syria
("Hamath which belonged to Judah" 2-Kings 14;28) known as "Yadi" (i.e.
"Judah" in Assyrian) and also garrisoned by the "Dananu" from the Tribe of
Dan and somehow associated with the neighbouring Tribe of Gad since its
other name "Smal" is synonymous with Zephion a clan of Gad. The Tsaffani
(from Tsfion of Gad) were listed by the Assyrians in the region of Smal!
The people of Yadi were taken into exile to an area of Armenia whereto
exiles from the Ten Tribes were also taken. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle said
that the Celts of Britain came from Armenia. Ethnic and Place-names with
the root "Geber" (GBR) were found amongst the Celts on the Continent
(Guberni, Gabreta) and in Scotland and Ireland: Ptolemy recalled the
GABRETA in Baiern (Bavaria) whom Zeuss identified as a Celtic people and
recalls the city of Gabromagus and Vergobretus (in territory of the Aedui
of Gaul, Caesar, G.W.1;16). There was also a Celtic group called Guberni
(Pliny N.H.4;17) between the Ubii and Batavi in Holland.

             In ancient Ireland there was an important ethnic group tribe
called Gabraige and a place named Gabran (mod. Gowran in County Kilkenny)
and a king of the Picts in northern Scotland had the same name.

             The Lagin people gave their name to Leinster in east Ireland.
They were also known as GABAIR (ORahilly). After being conquered by the
Milesian Goidels, the Lagin Gabair joined forces with them and participated
in raids on, and settlement in, Scotland. They have been equated with the
Gailian or Galioin which names may well derive from the Golan in the Land
of Israel since GEBER or GABAR appears to have once been an important
family name in that general area.  To the northeast of Eboracum (York) and
the Parissi were the GABRANTOVICES. Further north in the Caledonian region
of the Gadeni (Otadeni) was the settlement of Gabrosentas.

             From Gilead ("Galaad") of Israel emerged the Galatae or
"Galadi" of northern Gaul, the Galadon of northern Wales and southern
Britain, and the Caledonians of Scotland. These groups had ethnic migratory
connections with the Gaels of Ireland. In both Ireland and Scotland are
toponyms bearing the name Iar (i.e. Yair) which are believed to represent
an eponymous ancestor of that name .

             The IERNE in southeast Ireland regarded IAR as their
forefather and similar usage of the name is also found in Scotland (Hubert
p.197)! The people of Yair may therefore be assumed to have been submerged
amongst the descendants of Gilead in the British Isles. The Irish legends
quoted above speak of Iar of Judea or of Iarbanel the Prophet who is
identifiable with Iar and who in some accounts was one of the first
ancestors of the Nemedian peoples (including the Dana and Milesians) who
settled in Ireland and elsewhere is closely associated with Fennius, the
first and primary forefather. "Nemed" means "Separated" or "Sanctified" the
same as "Peresh" the son of Machir the son of Menasseh (1-Chronicles 7;16).
It is doubtful if the transmitters of the Irish legends were ever aware of
the quoted verses in the First Book of Chronicles and their historical
value. Neither did they know what was inscribed on Assyrian tablets
concerning the Iari. Neither were the place names bearing the ethnic
denomination "Iar" in Ireland and Scotland derived from scholastic
imagination. It follows that all of these proofs are from independent
sources that complement each other and indicate historical truths
underlying the Irish texts. Biblical and archaeological evidence showed a
geographical linkage of the names Gabar, Gad, Yair, Yadi (Yehudah), and
Gilead and parallel associations are noticeable in the toponomy of Ireland
and Scotland and in Celtic Mythology.

              The Irish texts mentioned above speak of several waves of
invasion of peoples who were essentially akin to each other and from the
same ancestors. They speak of having had some portions of their people
subjected in Greece or in "Grecian Scythia", of having been in Egypt, of
having been able if they so wished to partake with the Israelites in the
Israelite inheritance, of their leader's forces having included Israelites,
of going to Scythia, and of conquering Spain and in Spain being driven into
the northwest and from there coming to Ireland.

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