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Brit-Am Now no. 1699.
Movement of the Ten Tribes of Israel.
25 May 2011, 21 Iyar 5771.
Contents:
1. Brit-Am Replies to Query about Tribal Names Used by Religious Jews.
(a) The name of King Manasseh.
(b) Members of the Ten Tribes who did remain with Judah.
(c) Remarks on Jewish Naming Trends in General.
(d) Different Israelite Tribes amongst Present-day Jewish groups.
2. Jack Hertzog: There Will Always Be An Israel!
3. Owen Murphy: Brit-Am Commentary (BAC) Complimented.
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1. Brit-Am Replies to Query about Tribal Names Used by Religious Jews.
"Dr. David" wrote:
Yair
You mentioned a while back in review of passages in the Navi [Prophetical Portion of the Bible] that King Menashe was named after the tribe that was exiled.
I have never heard anyone address the question as to how the remaining tribe of Judah maintains a full spread of names from all the tribes, in terms of their Hebrew names when called up to the Torah! Isn't this odd, unless everyone had the same idea Menashe's parents had or there were many who intermarried in the tribes so that many in Judah by then had named their kids after their mother's families?!
Regards
David
Brit-Am Reply:
Shalom,
You are referring to the Brit-Am Commentary on 2-Kings 21:1
http://www.britam.org/Kings/2Kings21.html
We said:
# Manasseh was the son of King Hezekiah of Judah. It appears that Manasseh had been born after the last remnant of the northern Ten Tribes had been exiled by the Assyrians. The Tribe of Manasseh had been one of the leading tribes and perhaps in practice it had been the most important, even more than Ephraim.
Hezekiah named his son and heir to his throne in remembrance of the Ten Tribes of Israel. #
We found your question somewhat incoherent and unclear.
Nevertheless we shall answer it along the following lines.
(a) The name of King Manasseh.
(b) Members of the Ten Tribes who did remain with Judah.
(c) Remarks on naming trends in general.
(d) Different Israelite Tribes amongst Present-day Jewish groups.
(a) The name of King Manasseh.
Manasseh was the son of King Hezekiah.
King Hezekiah began his reign after MOST of the Ten Tribes had been exiled by Assyria.
Many however remained especially in the area of Samaria bordering Judah to the north.
The beginning of the reign of King Hezekiah was before the final third stage of Exile (2-Kings 17:6).
In the first year of the reign of Hezekiah The Temple was purified. Hezekiah called to the northern tribes to come to Jerusalem and celebrate the Passover.
Subsequently,
In 2-Chronicles 30:11-12 members of the tribes of Asher, Manasseh, Ephraim, Zebulon, and Issachar are mentioned as coming to Jerusalem. These tribes belonged to the Northern Kingdom of "Israel".
Some of these may have stayed in Jerusalem but most of them assumedly returned to their homes after the Festival.
About three years later at the beginning (?) of the fourth year of his reign (2-Kings 18:9) the Assyrians began a siege of Samaria that lasted for three years and Samaria was captured in what the Bible terms the sixth year of Hezekiah (2-Kings 18:10).
See:
The Completeness of the Exile
a. ANSWERS TO CLAIMS FROM SCRIPTURE
http://www.britam.org/CompleteExile.html
(2) Claim 2:
Hezekiah Celebrates the Passover with "All Israel" and with "Ephraim and Manasseh"
At all events King Hezekiah DID reach out to those of the Ten Tribes who in the early part of his reign still remained.
In addition to this a large number of Northern Israelites (one Midrash indicates ca. 12% of the total) did succeed in fleeing to Jerusalem
and escaping the Assyrians.
King Hezekiah had an interest in reconciling the northern Israelites both those he reached out to before their exile and those who fled to his Kingdom afterwards.
By naming his son and heir to the throne "Manasseh" he would be signaling tot he northern Israelites his concern for them.
(b) Members of the Ten Tribes who did remain with Judah.
On one side,
A large number of the inhabitants of Judah were exiled along with the Ten Tribes.
On the other hand,
Many northern Israelites fled to Judah and were absorbed by the inhabitants of Judah.
Nevertheless,
The Ten Tribes were destined to fulfill their destiny through the majority who had been exiled.
So too those of the Ten Tribes who were attached to Judah were subsumed to Judah and considered part of Judah.
Nachmanides speaks of this at length:
http://www.britam.org/Nachmanides.html
These opinions explain numerous Biblical Passages and conform to them.
(c) Remarks on Jewish Naming Trends in General.
Naming trends change from time to time.
The study of this matter in recent years has developed into a whole sub-science.
Jews in their places of exile usually had both a Gentile name and a Hebrew one.
The Hebrew name was and still is used for religious purposes such as being called up to the Torah reading.
Hebrew names used by Jews were usually taken from the Bible (especially the Book of Genesis) or from a select few of the famous Sages such as the names "Akiva" and "Mair".
Why some names became popular whereas others did not is another question.
Names such as Zeev (Wolf), and Dov (Beer), are found amongst Ashkenazi Jews whereas Zvi (Deer), Arieh (Lion), and Ariel (Lion of God) are found everywhere.
Yonah (Dove) is also found everywhere but more amongst Ashkenazim. It is usually a boys name.
Cognomens like Yafet, Zechariah, Amiel, are associated more with Yemenite Jews.
[ By "association" of names we mean that if all one knew about a Jewish person was his first name then the chances are more that the person belongs to the community in question.]
Of the Tribes of Israel:
Reuben, Yehudah, Zebulon, Dan, Nathtali, Asher, Yosef.
Simeon more amongst Moroccan Jews.
Levi as a first name is found mainly amongst Ashkenazic Jews especially Chasidim.
Yissachar is rarely used but if it was we would guess it as Old World aristocratic Sephardi.
Gad would probably be Ashkenazic.
Binyamin also more Ashkenazi.
Gad also Ashkenazi.
Shimeon and Yishai are popular amongst Morrocan Jews but we also find them amongst Ashkenazim (e.g. Shimeon Peres).
Pesach (i.e. Passover) is an Ashkenazi name.
Nissan (the month of Pesach) is a Sephardi name.
Here we have the name of a month (Nissan) used as a boys name whereas another month, Sivan, is used for girls.
What makes one month name suitable for boys and the other for girls is anybody's guess.
Why only two our of 12 months are used as childrens name is also a question.
The month name Tishrei has been used by some as a surname.
Again why a surname and not a first name?
These days in Israel new names are becoming popular along with Biblical names that were not often used in the past.
One of the most popular girls names is Noa. This name in English transliteration looks the same as Noah of the Deluge but in Hebrew it is spelt and sounded a little differently. It connotes "movement".
Noa was one the daughters of Zelophehad.
Zelophehad belong to he Tribe of Manasseh. He had five daughters (Numberbs 26:33 27:3, Joshua 17:3):
Mahlah, Noa, Hoglah, Milcah, and Tirzah.
These names today are sometimes used for girls but in the past they were not.
Why the name Noa has today become so popular is a separate question.
See:
Most Popular Names: Uri and Noa
http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/115676
by Hillel Fendel
The next [after Noa] most popular girl's names last year were Roni, Yael, Adi, Sarah, Yovel, Hila and Michal. The next [after Uri] most popular boy's names last year were Ro'i, Amit, Yosef, Moshe and Yehonatan. Daniel, the most popular boy's name two years ago, dropped last year to 13th place.
Perhaps the present popularity amongst Jews in Israel of the names Noa, and Yosef (Joseph) reflect a subconscious reaching out to the Ten Tribes of Joseph? The name Adi is also very popular. This name is a form of Ad which we suspect may be a nickname for Joseph.
See:
Aed and the Lost Tribes in Britain
http://britam.org/aed.html
(d) Different Israelite Tribes amongst Present-day Jewish groups.
As we said the present-day Jews are mainly from Judah, Benjamin, and Levi. Minority representations of all the tribes do however exist amongst the Jewish People.
It is difficult to distinguish between Jewish groups they are all intermixed. Nevertheless, here are some associations we have come across:
Sephardi Jews are more associated with Judah.
Ashkenazic with Benjamin and remnants of the Ten Tribes.
Rumanian Jews and Jews from Germany with Benjamin.
Certain families amongst Moroccan Jews with Ephraim.
Certain clans amongst Tunisian Jews with Zebulon.
Cohens and Levis everywhere.
Off the coast of Tunisia is an island, Djerba, whose entire Jewish community were Cohens.
Yemenites Jews from Judah, Dan, and descendants of Jethro.
Amongst Jews quite a few families have traditions (.e.g. Dayan, Abarbanel) they descend from David.
2. Jack Hertzog: There Will Always Be An Israel!
From: JHH <jaxico99@yahoo.com>
There Will Always Be An Israel!
God has let mankind go their own way for the most part, since creation, except He intervenes occasionally in certain situations, such as Sodom and Gomorrah.
He Created Israel supernaturally, by giving children to the barren wives of the Patriarchs(Sarai, Rachel, etc.).
He has given Israel (U.S.A., Britain), the chief (Amos 6:1) blessings of the world, He has given Judah (Jews), the commission of preserving His Word, but also He has greatly blessed them everywhere they've gone, and He has blessed those nations, that have blessed them, but He has cursed those, that have cursed them.
The Jews have been left as a witness, that God was working through a certain group of people, and had Holy laws, that the world has trampled in to the ground.
God might chastise the Israelites, and use other nations to do so, but woe to those nations that God uses to chastise His People, they will find out what happens when they come up against Israel.
Germany killed 6 Mill. Jews, but they lost 24 mill. of their own people.
God in (Zechariah 14:2) shows that He will bring all of the nations up against The Jews (Jerusalem), toward the end time! He is really bringing all nations up against(Allowing them to come up) Himself, and then He will fight (Zech 14:3,4), and woe to the nations of the world, because He will fight for the Jews and Israelites, and the world will find out what God's power is like, when they are destroyed by it.(Zech.14:12-15).
Israel will be here on the Earth, but many of the nations that came against them will not be (8:15), because God has determined to do good to Judah and Israel.
God will use Judah and Israel to teach the nations that formerly hated them (Zech.8:23).
Jack and Wanda Hertzog
803 S. Pequeno Camino
3. Qwen Murphy: Brit-Am Commentary (BAC) Complimented.
Re: 2-Kings 22: The Message of Huldah.
http://www.britam.org/Kings/2Kings22.html#Message
Hello Yair;
May I say that you 'preach' a very good 'sermon' in so many of your postings.
I say this as a compliment. You have the 'human condition' well thought out and give a balanced view.
I appreciate that you don't let yourself off the hook if it applies nor do you let others who may be wrong ,'twist in the wind' to elevate your perspective.
Keep up the good work.
Owen
3. New Subscriber Wishes to Deepen Knowledge.
I have read the notes on your web site and I found it helpful to those of us who want to deepen their knowledge concerning the will of the Almighty....I request you to include me in your regular mailing list....Thank you in advance!!! A.
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