BAMAD no.68

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Updates in DNA studies along with Anthropological Notes of general interest with a particular emphasis on points pertinent to the study of Ancient Israelite Ancestral Connections to Western Peoples as explained in Brit-Am studies.


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BAMAD no. 68
Brit-Am Anthropology and DNA Update
29 January 2010, 14 Shevet 5770
Contents:
1. Question on Environment, Africa, and Skin Color
See The Aryan Macaque Monkey in the Snow.
2. Pygmies Persecuted in Africa: Cannibalistic Genocide, Rape, and Slavery
3. The faces of Ancient Egypt.

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1. Question on Environment, Africa, and Skin Color
See The Aryan Macaque Monkey in the Snow.

 

Shalom Yair:

The connection here between skin color and climate (environment) is not totally clear to me.  Traditional teaching, i.e. when I was in school in the 1950s, was that people living in the "torrid zone", usually meaning Africa, experience about 12 hours of intense sunlight, daily, for the entire year; thus they tanned and became darker and darker over generations.  (Obviously this assumes that humans were originally white.)  Despite my lack of knowledge of DNA, I find this explanation for the black skin of people living in the "torrid zone" to be false. Any explanation that black people became white because of living in a Nordic environment must also be false.   

What about the Congo Republic?  I find from the website "weather underground" (wunderground-dot-com) that the climate of eastern Congo is very cool because of high altitude, constant cloudiness and frequent rains.  Yet the skin color of the people living there is black.  Pygmies also live in the jungle of the Congo, where there is shade, yet their skin is also black. Conversely, in the Amazon jungle there are native tribes whose people go about  naked, except for loin cloths, yet their skin color is pale compared to Africans and is similar to other native Americans or Amerinds as you refer to them. 

Jay



Brit-Am Reply:
See our notes on Race:
http://www.britam.org/Questions/QuesRace.html#Middle

See also our observations about different racial coloring in monkeys:
"Brit-Am Now"-613
#2. Macaque Monkeys: Racial Coloring and Environment
http://britam.org/now/613Now.html

The Macaque Monkeys are often found in cold climates where there is snow.
They also frequently have light pink skin (on their faces where is no fur), blue eyes, and platinum blond hair.
Are these monkies "Aryans"?



In Africa and Asia the closer peoples are to the Equator the darker their skin.
In South America you say the situation is different.
Maybe there are other reasons for this?
The Amazon natives etc however do have dark eyes and hair and brownish skin.

I do not know why African pygmies are dark whereas Amazon natives are not.
Your speaking of pygmies however brings up the fact that pygmies exist in Africa,
"Thailand, Malaysia,[3] Indonesia, the Philippines, Papua New Guinea, and Brazil.[4] The term also includes the Negritos of Southeast Asia. "
Pygmies (Barrineans) were also found in the rain forest of Northern Queensland, Australia

Pygmies nearly always live in tropical rainforest areas.
They are of different racial types and not related to each other.
The Pygmies in New Guinea often have red and blond hair.
See
http://www.fotopedia.com/en/Pygmies
here four photos are shown of what I assume are pygmies from New Guinea.
One has light brown hair. Another has brown hair.
In Australia the aborigines sometimes use peroxide to bleach their hair and for all I know they may (or may not) do it in New Guinea as well.
Nevertheless blond and red hair does occur naturally amongst them.

Despite having different origins there are also strong physical similarities between the different groups of Pygmies that are not inherited.
In other words their DNA has been affected in similar ways by the environment.
2. Pygmies Persecuted in Africa: Cannibalistic Genocide, Rape, and Slavery
Extracts from:
Pygmies
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pygmies

Reports of genocide
In 2003, Sinafasi Makelo, a representative of Mbuti pygmies, told the UN's Indigenous People's Forum that during the Congo Civil War, his people were hunted down and eaten as though they were game animals. In neighbouring North Kivu province there has been cannibalism by a group known as Les Effaceurs ("the erasers") who wanted to clear the land of people to open it up for mineral exploitation.[19] Both sides of the war regarded them as "subhuman" and some say their flesh can confer magical powers.[20] Makelo asked the UN Security Council to recognise cannibalism as a crime against humanity and an act of genocide.[21] According to Minority Rights Group International there is extensive evidence of mass killings, cannibalism and rape of Pygmies and have urged the International Criminal Court to investigate a campaign of extermination against pygmies. Although they have been targeted by virtually all the armed groups, much of the violence against Pygmies is attributed to the rebel group, the Movement for the Liberation of Congo, which is part of the transitional government and still controls much of the north, and their allies.[22]

 Slavery
In the Republic of Congo, where Pygmies make up 5 to 10% of the population, many Pygmies live as slaves to Bantu masters. The nation is deeply stratified between these two major ethnic groups. The Pygmy slaves belong from birth to their Bantu masters in a relationship that the Bantus call a time-honored tradition. Even though the Pygmies are responsible for much of the hunting, fishing and manual labor in jungle villages, Pygmies and Bantus alike say Pygmies are often paid at the master's whim; in cigarettes, used clothing, or even nothing at all. As a result of pressure from UNICEF and human-rights activists, a law that would grant special protections to the Pygmy people is awaiting a vote by the Congo parliament.[23][24]

More on Pygmys as food for other Africans:
http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/
rebels-eating-pygmies-as-mass-slaughter-continues-
in-congo-despite-peace-
agreement-601088.html
Rebels 'eating Pygmies' as mass slaughter continues in Congo despite peace agreement
By Basildon Peta in Beni, Congo
Thursday, 9 January 2003
The United Nations is investigating reports of cannibalism by rebels in north-eastern Congo, where the slaughter of civilians continues unabated despite peace agreements.
The Congolese call themselves a "cursed people". With a war that has left an estimated 3.5 million dead, the people of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) have probably suffered the worst massacres of any single nation since the Second World War.
Manodje Mounoubai, a spokesman for the UN mission in Congo, told the Associated Press yesterday that during the past week UN investigators had been looking into reports that Congolese rebel troops had killed and eaten Pygmies. The rebels of the Congolese Liberation Movement (MLC) and Congolese Rally for Democracy-National are apparently killing the Pygmies if they return from hunting expeditions without food.
An official with a rival rebel group, the Congolese Rally for Democracy-Liberation (RCD-ML), said: "We hear reports of MLC and RCD-N commanders feeding on sexual organs of Pygmies, apparently believing this would give them strength. We also have reports of Pygmies being forced to feed on cooked remains of their colleagues."
3. The faces of Ancient Egypt.
http://mathildasanthropologyblog.
wordpress.com/2008/07/22/the-faces
-of-ancient-egypt/
Interesting assemblage of photos, scroll down a little.


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