Joshua 12
[Joshua 12:1] NOW THESE ARE THE KINGS OF THE LAND, WHICH THE
CHILDREN OF
ISRAEL SMOTE, AND POSSESSED THEIR LAND ON THE OTHER SIDE JORDAN
TOWARD THE
RISING OF THE SUN, FROM THE RIVER ARNON UNTO MOUNT HERMON, AND
ALL THE
PLAIN ON THE EAST:
[Joshua 12:2] SIHON KING OF THE AMORITES,
WHO DWELT IN HESHBON, AND RULED
FROM AROER, WHICH IS UPON THE BANK OF THE
RIVER ARNON, AND FROM THE MIDDLE
OF THE RIVER, AND FROM HALF GILEAD, EVEN
UNTO THE RIVER JABBOK, WHICH IS
THE BORDER OF THE CHILDREN OF
AMMON;
[Joshua 12:3] AND FROM THE PLAIN TO THE SEA OF CHINNEROTH ON THE
EAST, AND
UNTO THE SEA OF THE PLAIN, EVEN THE SALT SEA ON THE EAST, THE WAY
TO
BETHJESHIMOTH; AND FROM THE SOUTH, UNDER ASHDOTHPISGAH:
[Joshua
12:4] AND THE COAST OF OG KING OF BASHAN, WHICH WAS OF THE REMNANT
OF THE
GIANTS, THAT DWELT AT ASHTAROTH AND AT EDREI,
[Joshua 12:5] AND REIGNED
IN MOUNT HERMON, AND IN SALCAH, AND IN ALL
BASHAN, UNTO THE BORDER OF THE
GESHURITES AND THE MAACHATHITES, AND HALF
GILEAD, THE BORDER OF SIHON KING
OF HESHBON.
[Joshua 12:6] THEM DID MOSES THE SERVANT OF THE LORD AND THE
CHILDREN OF
ISRAEL SMITE: AND MOSES THE SERVANT OF THE LORD GAVE IT FOR A
POSSESSION
UNTO THE REUBENITES, AND THE GADITES, AND THE HALF TRIBE OF
MANASSEH.
<<MOSES THE SERVANT OF THE LORD>>: Moses destroyed
these people and gave
their land to Israelite Tribes. This was the will of
God and Moses
fulfilled the will of God. Conquering the Holy Land and
placing it in the
possession of Israel is fulfilling the will of God.
British forces (in
which Australian and New Zealand contingents were
prominent) conquered
Palestineand gave it to the Jews. This was the will of
God and they were
HIS servants.
>>THE REUBENITES, AND THE
GADITES, AND THE HALF TRIBE OF
MANASSEH::<< Lands east of the
Jordan were apportioned to these tribes.
Other lands in this area were
destined to be conquered and the whole could
be re-divided amongst other
tribes. Assyrian and related documents refer to
the Tsupani (Tsefion,
Zephion) a clan of Gad just north of the Euphrates
bend in northeastern
Turkey and also to the Ben-Yammi of Benjamin in
Northern Syria alongside
Reubenites. We also find contingents from Dan
(Dananu) and Judah (Yadi) in
southeast Turkey and northwest Syria and Iraq.
In our book The Tribeswe
traced Tribal names in areas east of the Jordan
reaching to the Euphrates
based on the Geography of Ptolemy who lived ca.
100-175 CE but based much of
his work on that of a Phoenician from Tyre who
lived 3 to 4 hundred years
beforehand.
Adapted from "The Tribes" chapter 17: The Land of Israel
before the Exile
The Map showing the location of Habor also depicts
a large section of
the Middle East. It shows areas settled by Israelite
Tribes long before the
Exile as well as regions in which Israelites were
re-settled by the
Assyrians after the Exile.
According to the
Bible (1-Chronicles chapter 6) the Tribes of Gad and
Reuben fought against
Arabian tribes and settled in their lands "until the
time of exile"
(1-Chronicles 6; 22). The former presence of Israelite
Tribes in northern
Arabia and Syria prior to the exile is recalled in some
of the place-names
mentioned by Ptolemy in the Land termed "ARABIA" on his Map.
As
well as the Tribes of Gad and Reuben the area east of the Jordan
River was
also settled by the half-tribe of Menasseh along with a portion
from Simeon
and contingents from Judah, Benjamin, and other Tribes.
The clan of
Yacin (Icen) from Simeon is recalled in IUCA in the
south-east near the
Persian Gulf. This clan later in Scythia became known
as the Sacae-Eucae and
Eucatae and in northern Europe as the Saxon-Euci and
in Celtic Britain as
the ICENI neighbors to the SIMENI. Boudicca, the
Celtic Queen in Ancient
Britain who led a revolt against Roman Tyranny
belonged to the Iceni tribe.
This area includes the oil-rich fields of
present-day Kuwait and the Iraqi
oil fields and it is interesting to note
that the region once belonged to
Israel.
West of Iuca is Bera and Beria is a clan name amongst the
Tribes of
Benjamin, Ephraim, and Asher. Another acceptable way of
pronouncing the
Hebrew spelling of "Beria" gives "Beria-g-h" or "Ver-iag"
which national
name re-appeared amongst Scandinavian (Varangian) and Khazar
groups.
The name RAHABENI ON PTOLEMY'S MAP IS A FORM FOR REUBEN and
was to be
repeated in Serica (east of Scythia) as the RHABBANAEI WHO GAVE
RISE TO THE
RIBUARI FRANKS IN EUROPE.
The name MASANI derives
from Manasseh and the inversion of syllables
("Mas-ani" for "Men-eseh") is a
common phenomenon. The Masani were later
recalled in Phoenician Spain and in
northern Holland and from there they
crossed over to Britain.
Furthur north, the BALAGAEA and BELGINAEA co-relate to the name BELAH
(pronouncable as "Bela-g-h") which was a clan name from the Tribe of
Bejamin and was to re-appear in the BELGAE who gave their name to
BELGIUM.
CAUCHABENI means "Sons (Beni) of Chaggi" or Haggi (Num.26)
whose name
in Hebrew began with the letter HETH ((× which is transliterable
either as
"h" or as "ch.. Haggi (Chaggi) was one of the Clans of Gad which
in Scythia
became known as the Cachage Scythae and as the Huga. Later in
northwest
Europe they were recorded as the Cauki (Chauci) or Hugo Franks.
GADIRTHA
recalls the place name Gadir. This place-name occurs several times
within
the Land of Israel and may also be associated with GAD. Gadira was
also the
name of an important port in southern Spain linked with the
Phoenecians,
Tarshish, and the Celts of early Ireland and Britain. Much of
the region
east of the Jordan settled by the Tribes of Reuben, Gad, and half
Manasseh
in the Bible (Deuteronomy ch.4) is termed BASHAN WHICH IN ARAMAIC
BECAME
BATHAN and is recalled in BATHANAEI and BATHANAE REGIO (i.e. Kingdom
of
Bashan) adjacent to SACCAE REGIO.
The Mesopotamian
Sumerians called the Bashan "BASIL" and later
the Royal Scythians were named
Scythae Basilae and these gave their name to
SCANDINAVIA which was
originally called "SCATANAVIA" or Land of the Scyths.
Scandinavia according
to the Roman Geographer, Pliny, was also known as
"BASILIA", i.e. it was
named after the Bashan (Basil) of Israel. Basil may
mean lion. This gives
additional meaning to the expression, DAN IS A LION'S
WHELP: HE SHALL LEAP
FROM BASHAN(Deuteronomy 33:22). The Greeks later
adopted the title Basiland
used it to mean kingbut linguists admit that the
word had non-Greek
origins.
The Kingdom of the SACCAE (Saccae Regio) besides Bathanaea has a
clear
Scythian connection since "SACCAE" was the contemporary Middle Eastern
term
for Scyth and the name is believed to be a derivative of "Isaac". The
appellation "Saxe" or "Saxon" is a further development of the same
name.
The CHALYBONITIS was named after the Chalybes who were
descendants of
the CHELUBAI (1-Chronicles 2; 19) from Hetzron of Judah. They
were
descended from the sons of Chaleb ben Jefunai and associated with the
Keni
and Kenizai who were metal workers. After their exile the Chalybes were
connected by the Greeks to the Cimmerians and ascribed the invention of
iron processing. They were then located (after exile) in the Caucasian area
of Iberia (Georgia) wherefrom the Cimmerians were first to emerge. Justin
reported a group of them under the same name in the area of Galatia in
northwest Spain where too they were noted as metallurgical experts. From
Spain they apparently passed over into Ireland and Celtic
Britain.
[Joshua 12:7] AND THESE ARE THE KINGS OF THE COUNTRY WHICH
JOSHUA AND THE
CHILDREN OF ISRAEL SMOTE ON THIS SIDE JORDAN ON THE WEST,
FROM BAALGAD IN
THE VALLEY OF LEBANON EVEN UNTO THE MOUNT HALAK, THAT GOETH
UP TO SEIR;
WHICH JOSHUA GAVE UNTO THE TRIBES OF ISRAEL FOR A POSSESSION
ACCORDING TO
THEIR DIVISIONS;
[Joshua 12:8] IN THE MOUNTAINS, AND IN
THE VALLEYS, AND IN THE PLAINS, AND
IN THE SPRINGS, AND IN THE WILDERNESS,
AND IN THE SOUTH COUNTRY; THE
HITTITES, THE AMORITES, AND THE CANAANITES,
THE PERIZZITES, THE HIVITES,
AND THE JEBUSITES:
[Joshua 12:9] THE
KING OF JERICHO, ONE; THE KING OF AI, WHICH IS BESIDE BETHEL,
ONE;
[Joshua 12:10] THE KING OF JERUSALEM, ONE; THE KING OF HEBRON,
ONE;
[Joshua 12:11] THE KING OF JARMUTH, ONE; THE KING OF LACHISH,
ONE;
[Joshua 12:12] THE KING OF EGLON, ONE; THE KING OF GEZER,
ONE;
[Joshua 12:13] THE KING OF DEBIR, ONE; THE KING OF GEDER,
ONE;
[Joshua 12:14] THE KING OF HORMAH, ONE; THE KING OF ARAD,
ONE;
[Joshua 12:15] THE KING OF LIBNAH, ONE; THE KING OF ADULLAM,
ONE;
[Joshua 12:16] THE KING OF MAKKEDAH, ONE; THE KING OF BETHEL,
ONE;
[Joshua 12:17] THE KING OF TAPPUAH, ONE; THE KING OF HEPHER,
ONE;
[Joshua 12:18] THE KING OF APHEK, ONE; THE KING OF LASHARON,
ONE;
[Joshua 12:19] THE KING OF MADON, ONE; THE KING OF HAZOR,
ONE;
[Joshua 12:20] THE KING OF SHIMRONMERON, ONE; THE KING OF
ACHSHAPH, ONE;
[Joshua 12:21] THE KING OF TAANACH, ONE; THE KING OF
MEGIDDO, ONE;
[Joshua 12:22] THE KING OF KEDESH, ONE; THE KING OF
JOKNEAM OF CARMEL, ONE;
[Joshua 12:23] THE KING OF DOR IN THE COAST
OF DOR, ONE; THE KING OF THE
NATIONS OF GILGAL, ONE;
[Joshua 12:24]
THE KING OF TIRZAH, ONE: ALL THE KINGS THIRTY AND ONE.
There were 31 kings. A
Rabbinical tradition (Sifrei, Brocah 33) says that
each of these kings in
effect represented a foreign power all of which held
enclaves of its own in
the land. There may be some historical truth to
this. Alternately it may
symbolize a geo-political reality in which all the
nations of the earth
which to interfere in the Land of Israel especially
against the
Jews.
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