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The BOOK of DANIEL
Chapter Eleven
Daniel Prophesizes about the Greek Persecutions and the Rise of the Maccabees as Prototypical Models Concerning the Latter Days
History is Destined to Repeat Itself!
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[Daniel 11:12] AND WHEN HE
HATH TAKEN AWAY THE MULTITUDE, HIS HEART SHALL BE LIFTED UP; AND HE SHALL CAST
DOWN MANY TEN THOUSANDS: BUT HE SHALL NOT BE STRENGTHENED BY IT.
The King of Egypt shall have inflicted great casualties and taken
numerous captives but they had not been used to strengthen his forces.
[Daniel 11:13] FOR THE KING OF THE NORTH
SHALL RETURN, AND SHALL SET FORTH A MULTITUDE GREATER THAN THE FORMER, AND SHALL
CERTAINLY COME AFTER CERTAIN YEARS WITH A GREAT ARMY AND WITH MUCH
RICHES.
Antiochus-iii returned together Philip-v of Macedon and defeated the
Ptolemaic forces of Egypt at Banias in the northern Galilee near the site of the
Biblical Dan.
[Daniel 11:14] AND IN THOSE TIMES THERE
SHALL MANY STAND UP AGAINST THE KING OF THE SOUTH: ALSO THE ROBBERS OF THY
PEOPLE SHALL EXALT THEMSELVES TO ESTABLISH THE VISION; BUT THEY SHALL FALL.
[Daniel 11:15] SO THE KING OF THE NORTH
SHALL COME, AND CAST UP A MOUNT, AND TAKE THE MOST FENCED CITIES: AND THE ARMS
OF THE SOUTH SHALL NOT WITHSTAND, NEITHER HIS CHOSEN PEOPLE, NEITHER SHALL THERE
BE ANY STRENGTH TO WITHSTAND.
[Daniel 11:16] BUT HE THAT COMETH
AGAINST HIM SHALL DO ACCORDING TO HIS OWN WILL, AND NONE SHALL STAND BEFORE HIM:
AND HE SHALL STAND IN THE GLORIOUS LAND, WHICH BY HIS HAND SHALL BE
CONSUMED.
Antiochus-iii (the Great) took control of " THE GLORIOUS LAND" meaning Judea
which came under Seleucid rule.
[Daniel 11:17] HE SHALL ALSO SET HIS
FACE TO ENTER WITH THE STRENGTH OF HIS WHOLE KINGDOM, AND UPRIGHT ONES WITH
HIM; THUS SHALL HE DO: AND HE SHALL GIVE HIM THE DAUGHTER OF WOMEN, CORRUPTING
HER: BUT SHE SHALL NOT STAND ON HIS SIDE, NEITHER BE FOR HIM.
Antiochus-iii gave his daughter, Cleopatra, to Ptolemy-v hoping through her to
control Egypt. Celopatra however gave her loyalty to Ptolemy.
[Daniel 11:18] AFTER THIS SHALL HE TURN
HIS FACE UNTO THE ISLES, AND SHALL TAKE MANY: BUT A PRINCE FOR HIS OWN BEHALF
SHALL CAUSE THE REPROACH OFFERED BY HIM TO CEASE; WITHOUT HIS OWN REPROACH HE
SHALL CAUSE IT TO TURN UPON HIM.
Antiocus-iii then moved against the coastal cities of Asia Minor
(present-day Turkey, also referred to as Anatolia) and even crossed the Bosporus
establishing a foothold in Thrace. Meanwhile Hannibal of Carthage had fought
against the Romans in the west, been defeated, and then fled for to Anatolia
where Antiochus accorded him refuge and received advice from him. In 192
Antiochus invaded Greece and was initially successful. The Romans in 191 BCE
defeated Antiochus and forced him to retreat to Anatolia. Antiochus had placed
his fleet in the hands of Hannibal who was defeated by a Greek-fleet with Roman
support at Side in 190 BCE. Antiochus was also attacked and again defeated by
the Romans. The Treaty of Apamea (188 BC) forced Antiochus the Great to abandon
all European territories and to abandon control of all Anatolia north of the
Taurus Mountains that divided Syria from Turkey. Outlying domains of the
Seleucid Empire rebelled.
[Daniel 11:19] THEN HE SHALL TURN HIS
FACE TOWARD THE FORT OF HIS OWN LAND: BUT HE SHALL STUMBLE AND FALL, AND NOT BE
FOUND.
Antiochus died in 181 BCE attempting to rob a temple in Luristan,
Persia.
[Daniel 11:20] THEN SHALL STAND UP IN
HIS ESTATE A RAISER OF TAXES IN THE GLORY OF THE KINGDOM: BUT WITHIN FEW DAYS HE
SHALL BE DESTROYED, NEITHER IN ANGER, NOR IN BATTLE.
Seleucus IV Philopator became ruler and sent one of his general to seize the
Temple treasures in Jerusalem. This may be what is meant by him being "A RAISER
OF TAXES". Shortly afterwards he was assassinated.
[Daniel 11:21] AND IN HIS ESTATE SHALL
STAND UP A VILE PERSON, TO WHOM THEY SHALL NOT GIVE THE
HONOUR
OF THE KINGDOM: BUT HE SHALL COME IN PEACEABLY, AND OBTAIN THE KINGDOM BY
FLATTERIES.
Demetrius the son of Seleucus-iv was a hostage in Rome so a younger
brother of Seleucus-iv, Antiochus IV Epiphanes, took over after murdering
another infant son of Seleucus-iv who was also in the way of succession.
[Daniel 11:22] AND WITH THE ARMS OF A
FLOOD SHALL THEY BE OVERFLOWN
FROM BEFORE HIM, AND SHALL BE BROKEN; YEA, ALSO THE PRINCE OF THE COVENANT.
Antiochus-iv consolidated his power. In Judaea he encouraged a
Hellenizing Party. The aim of this group was to "modernize" Judaism and to
remodel it more in accordance with the prevailing Greek culture. An argument
had broken out in family of the High Priest. Consequently Onias went to Egypt
and set up a substitute temple at Heliopolis near Cairo. This temple existed
until 70 BCE when it was destroyed by the Romans.
[Daniel 11:23] AND AFTER THE LEAGUE MADE
WITH HIM HE SHALL WORK DECEITFULLY: FOR HE SHALL COME UP, AND SHALL BECOME
STRONG WITH A SMALL PEOPLE.
[Daniel 11:24] HE SHALL ENTER PEACEABLY
EVEN UPON THE FATTEST PLACES OF THE PROVINCE; AND HE SHALL DO THAT WHICH HIS
FATHERS HAVE NOT DONE, NOR HIS FATHERS' FATHERS; HE SHALL SCATTER AMONG THEM THE
PREY, AND SPOIL, AND RICHES: YEA, AND HE SHALL FORECAST HIS DEVICES AGAINST THE
STRONG HOLDS, EVEN FOR A TIME.
[Daniel 11:25] AND HE SHALL STIR UP HIS
POWER AND HIS COURAGE AGAINST THE KING OF THE SOUTH WITH A GREAT ARMY; AND THE
KING OF THE SOUTH SHALL BE STIRRED UP TO BATTLE WITH A VERY GREAT AND MIGHTY
ARMY; BUT HE SHALL NOT STAND: FOR THEY SHALL FORECAST DEVICES AGAINST HIM.
The guardians of Ptolemy-vi in Egypt demanded the "return" of "Coele-Syria"
("Hollow Syria") meaning Lebanon and Judea. Antiochus then attacked them and
conquered most of Egypt which in order not to alarm Rome he attempted to control
indirectly.
[Daniel 11:26] YEA, THEY THAT FEED OF
THE PORTION OF HIS MEAT SHALL DESTROY HIM, AND HIS ARMY SHALL OVERFLOW: AND
MANY SHALL FALL DOWN SLAIN.
[Daniel 11:27] AND BOTH OF THESE KINGS'
HEARTS SHALL BE TO DO MISCHIEF, AND THEY SHALL SPEAK LIES AT ONE TABLE; BUT IT
SHALL NOT PROSPER: FOR YET THE END SHALL BE AT THE TIME APPOINTED.
[Daniel 11:28] THEN SHALL HE RETURN INTO
HIS LAND WITH GREAT RICHES; AND HIS HEART SHALL BE AGAINST THE HOLY COVENANT;
AND HE SHALL DO EXPLOITS, AND RETURN TO HIS OWN LAND.
[Daniel 11:29] AT THE TIME APPOINTED HE
SHALL RETURN, AND COME TOWARD THE SOUTH; BUT IT SHALL NOT BE AS THE FORMER, OR
AS THE LATTER.
In 168 BCE Antiochus led another attack against Egypt and also sent a fleet to
conquer Cyprus.
[Daniel 11:30] FOR THE SHIPS OF
CHITTIM
SHALL COME AGAINST HIM: THEREFORE HE SHALL BE GRIEVED, AND RETURN, AND HAVE
INDIGNATION AGAINST THE HOLY COVENANT: SO SHALL HE DO; HE SHALL EVEN RETURN, AND
HAVE INTELLIGENCE WITH THEM THAT FORSAKE THE HOLY COVENANT.
Antiochus was forced to turn back by a Roman army.
THE SHIPS OF CHITTIM here refers to the Romans.
Antiochus here determined to strengthen his hold over his own domain and to
create a homogeneous population under his rule. Consequently it was decided to
strengthen the Hellenizing Party in Judea and intensify the measures enacted
against Judaism.
[Daniel 11:31] AND ARMS SHALL STAND ON
HIS PART, AND THEY SHALL POLLUTE THE SANCTUARY OF STRENGTH AND SHALL TAKE AWAY
THE DAILY SACRIFICE, AND THEY SHALL PLACE THE ABOMINATION THAT
MAKETH
DESOLATE.
In 167 BCE Antiochus-iv issued decrees against the practice of the Jewish
Religion. The Temple in Jerusalem was dedicated to the Greek god, Zeus Olympias.
[Daniel 11:32] AND SUCH AS DO WICKEDLY
AGAINST THE COVENANT SHALL HE CORRUPT BY FLATTERIES: BUT THE PEOPLE THAT DO
KNOW THEIR GOD SHALL BE STRONG, AND DO EXPLOITS.
Assimilationist Jews were corrupted by flatteries to aid the Seleucid Greeks in
Hellenizing the People.
Even today secular anti-religious Jews who work against the Jewish religion
receive financial support from Germany and the EU. The US is also not entirely
blameless since American elements such as the CIA and the Ford Foundation have
channeled funds to "progressive" pro-peace anti-Judaic elements and homosexual
activists in Israel. This has sometimes been done in the name of encouraging
democracy and forward thinking.
Circumcision was forbidden. Jews were killed for refusing to eat pork and
worship idols. The Revolt of the Maccabees was the result.
[Daniel 11:33] AND THEY THAT UNDERSTAND
AMONG THE PEOPLE SHALL INSTRUCT MANY: YET THEY SHALL FALL BY THE SWORD, AND BY
FLAME, BY CAPTIVITY, AND BY SPOIL, MANY DAYS.
There was a religious arousal with public instruction being given by the
Pharisees or "Sages". This took place in them midst of religious persecution of
the vilest kind. Those responsible for the persecution included both pagan
Greeks and their Jewish collaborators who had their own "Hellenizing"
ideology.
[Daniel 11:34] NOW WHEN THEY SHALL FALL,
THEY SHALL BE HOLPEN
WITH A LITTLE HELP: BUT MANY SHALL CLEAVE TO THEM WITH FLATTERIES.
Daat Mikra says that as the Maccabee Revolt (led by the Hasmoneans) progressed
many of the former "Hellenizers" joined forces with them out of self-interest.
Metzudat David explains the verse to say that as the Persecution progressed so
too did the forces of the Maccabee resistance grow. Nevertheless many of the
people were deluded by Hellenist propaganda (FLATTERIES) to join what still
appeared to be the winning side.
[Daniel 11:35] AND SOME OF THEM OF
UNDERSTANDING SHALL FALL, TO TRY THEM, AND TO PURGE, AND TO MAKE THEM WHITE,
EVEN TO THE TIME OF THE END: BECAUSE IT IS YET FOR A TIME APPOINTED.
Even amongst those who should have known the truth there were those who
let themselves be led astray. The reason for this was by Divine Providence in
order to purify the people and sort the bad eggs out.
Metsudat David points out that due to the hardships and suffering and an
apparent fulfillment of End-Time prophecies there were those who thought that
the Messianic Era was at hand. They were mistaken. The TIME APPOINTED had not
yet arrived.
For a brief but succinct account of the Maccabees see
Josephus
"The Wars Of The Jews
Or
The History Of The Destruction Of Jerusalem"
Book I, chapter one.
http://www.earlychristianwritings.com/text/josephus/war-1.htm
[Daniel 11:36] AND THE KING SHALL DO
ACCORDING TO HIS WILL; AND HE SHALL EXALT HIMSELF, AND MAGNIFY HIMSELF ABOVE
EVERY GOD, AND SHALL SPEAK
MARVELLOUS THINGS AGAINST THE GOD
OF GODS, AND SHALL PROSPER TILL THE INDIGNATION BE ACCOMPLISHED: FOR THAT THAT
IS DETERMINED SHALL BE DONE.
Until now the account has quite faithfully followed the historical developments
that did indeed occur exactly as described. From here on Scripture seems to
depart somewhat and enter another future realm.
In effect we may say that this present chapter of Daniel although apparently
dedicated to the Maccabee Period and what preceded it in effect is
proto-typical. It is referring to the end times and using historical events as a
pattern for future end-time prophecy.
This point is discussed somewhat by Yigal Ariel ("Mor veHadas" 2000) and by
Brit-Am at:
Queries on Prophecy
"What Are Prototypical Prophesies?"
http://www.britam.org/Questions/QuesProphecy.html#Prototypical
[Daniel 11:37] NEITHER SHALL HE REGARD
THE GOD OF HIS FATHERS, NOR THE DESIRE OF WOMEN, NOR REGARD ANY GOD: FOR HE
SHALL MAGNIFY HIMSELF ABOVE ALL.
[Daniel 11:38] BUT IN HIS ESTATE SHALL
HE HONOUR
THE GOD OF FORCES: AND A GOD WHOM HIS FATHERS KNEW NOT SHALL HE
HONOUR
WITH GOLD, AND SILVER, AND WITH PRECIOUS STONES, AND PLEASANT THINGS.
[Daniel 11:39] THUS SHALL HE DO IN THE
MOST STRONG HOLDS WITH A STRANGE GOD, WHOM HE SHALL ACKNOWLEDGE AND INCREASE
WITH GLORY: AND HE SHALL CAUSE THEM TO RULE OVER MANY, AND SHALL DIVIDE THE
LAND FOR GAIN.
[Daniel 11:40] AND AT THE TIME OF THE
END SHALL THE KING OF THE SOUTH PUSH AT HIM: AND THE KING OF THE NORTH SHALL
COME AGAINST HIM LIKE A WHIRLWIND, WITH CHARIOTS, AND WITH HORSEMEN, AND WITH
MANY SHIPS; AND HE SHALL ENTER INTO THE COUNTRIES, AND SHALL OVERFLOW AND PASS
OVER.
[Daniel 11:41] HE SHALL ENTER ALSO INTO
THE GLORIOUS LAND, AND MANY COUNTRIES SHALL BE OVERTHROWN: BUT THESE SHALL
ESCAPE OUT OF HIS HAND, EVEN EDOM, AND MOAB, AND THE CHIEF OF THE CHILDREN OF
AMMON.
[Daniel 11:42] HE SHALL STRETCH FORTH
HIS HAND ALSO UPON THE COUNTRIES: AND THE LAND OF EGYPT SHALL NOT
ESCAPE.
[Daniel 11:43] BUT HE SHALL HAVE POWER
OVER THE TREASURES OF GOLD AND OF SILVER, AND OVER ALL THE PRECIOUS THINGS OF
EGYPT: AND THE LIBYANS AND THE ETHIOPIANS SHALL BE AT HIS
STEPS.
[Daniel 11:44] BUT TIDINGS OUT OF THE
EAST AND OUT OF THE NORTH SHALL TROUBLE HIM: THEREFORE HE SHALL GO FORTH WITH
GREAT FURY TO DESTROY, AND UTTERLY TO MAKE AWAY MANY.
[Daniel 11:45] AND HE SHALL PLANT THE
TABERNACLES OF HIS PALACE BETWEEN THE SEAS IN THE GLORIOUS HOLY MOUNTAIN; YET HE
SHALL COME TO HIS END, AND NONE SHALL HELP HIM.
To See Previous Chapters
Chapter 10The Book of Daniel
Chapter Eleven
Chapter Twelve
Daniel Contents
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